Complete Information on Berylliosis

by *dans

Complete Information on Berylliosis

Beryllium disease / berylliosis is an inflammation of the lungs caused by inhaling dust or fumes containing beryllium. Berylliosis differs from other occupational lung diseases in that even low levels and brief exposure to beryllium can cause berylliosis.Beryllium is a metallic element used in many industries, including electronics, high-technology ceramics, metals extraction, and dental alloy preparation. Beryllium may also affect such organs as the liver, kidneys, heart, nervous system, and the lymphatic system, which carries water, white blood cells and proteins to the blood. There are two forms of beryllium-induced lung disease: acute and chronic.

Acute berylliosis has a sudden, rapid onset and is characterized by severe inflammation of the lungs (pneumonitis), coughing, increasing breathlessness (dyspnea), and other associated symptoms and findings. Chronic berylliosis is characterized by the abnormal formation of inflammatory masses or nodules (granulomas) within certain tissues and organs and widespread scarring and thickening of deep lung tissues (interstitial pulmonary fibrosis). Although granuloma development primarily affects the lungs, it may also occur within other bodily tissues and organs, such as the skin and underlying (subcutaneous) tissues or the liver.

Symptoms of chronic beryllium disease are breathing difficulties, coughing, chest pain, and general weakness. Signs involve enlargement of the liver, spleen and right heart, and kidney stones. The course of chronic beryllium disease varies. Some influenced people may have few or no symptoms at all for many years followed by eventual deterioration. A small percentage of exposed persons (1-10%) develop beryllium hypersensitivity and a portion of those go on to develop chronic disease. Berylliosis affected both Males and females equally. Treatment for acute beryllium disease includes removal from exposure, bed rest.

Administration of oxygen and corticosteroids, which prevent inflammation. Corticosteroid therapy is often prescribed. Cleansing the lungs of beryllium is a slow process, so long-term therapy may be required. Chelation therapy is currently under investigation as a treatment for the disease. Lifetime therapy is usually required. Victims who stopped treatment have experienced aggravated symptoms. Eliminating exposure to beryllium is the surest way to prevent berylliosis. Screening workers who are exposed to beryllium fumes or dust or who develop an allergic reaction to these substances is an effective way to control symptoms.

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